Open-source artificial intelligence is free and unregulated technology that can be used by anyone for commercial and non commercial purposes.

A debt brake limits government expenditures by putting a ceiling on how much they can take out in loans and how much they can spend annually. This is done to ensure that the government does not go beyond their desired debt-to-GDP ratio (e.g., if a debt brake is capped at 35% and a state’s GDP is 1,000,000, the government can only borrow up to 350,000).

For the purposes of this debate, the Common Law System is a law system where case laws or published judicial opinions carry more weight. This type of system gives judges the flexibility to interpret the laws based on previous cases and published judicial opinions. This is in contrast to the Civil Law System where codified laws weigh heavier, and judges must strictly follow the constitution in cases before them.

Barrista owns a coffee farm in Colombia (one of the largest coffee-exporting countries in the world), which she inherited from her parents and ancestors, who were known for growing coffee beans of a culturally rare strain of specialty coffee in their community. Before her parents died, they made it clear that she cannot disclose the methods of generating this coffee strain to other families, which is why no other family knows how to grow it. They also told her that she cannot stop operating the farm as it was the primary reason their community prospered and became known.

However, she really wants to become a fashion designer and is offered a once-in-a-lifetime scholarship to study at one of the top fashion design schools in America. Choosing the scholarship means leaving Colombia, putting the coffee farm on the brink of closure.

For the purposes of this debate, "biological links" in gender studies are physiologcial evidences or perspectives in the conception of gender (i.e., brain sizes, gay chromosomes, etc.) while "sociological links" are societal evidences or perspectives in the conception of gender such as conflict theory (theory that states that gender is born from struggle), structural formalism (gender is made through complex systemic factors such as education, government, etc.), or the value of one's inherrent choice to be queer.

Anticipatory cash transfers are cash provided by states or humanitarian relief organizations that recipients can use to improve their resilience in the days or weeks before extreme weather hits. Recipients can be determined through advances in data availability and predictive analytics of where and when the disaster will hit. This is opposed to the common response of states and organizations to disasters wherein they help people out after the disaster has already struck.